Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection 中谈到,实现IoC有两种方式: Dependency Injection与Service Locator, Castle 所采用的是Dependency Injection 来实现 IoC,中文翻译为依赖注入,依赖注入的意义是:“保留抽象接口,让组件依赖于抽象接口,当组件要与其它实际的对象发生依赖关系时,藉过抽象接口来注入依赖的实际对象。”
看看下面这个程序:


public
class
BusinessObject

{
private FloppyWriter writer = new FloppyWriter();
.

public void Save()
{
writer.SaveToFloppy(); 
}
}

BusinessObject 依赖于实际的 FloppyWriter,为了让 BusinessObject 获得重用性,不让 BusinessObject 直接依赖于实际的 FloppyWriter,而是依赖于抽象的接口:


public
interface
IDeviceWriter

{
public void SaveToDevice();
}


public
class
BusinessObject

{
private IDeviceWriter writer; 
public DeviceWriter
{
Set
{
this.writer = value;
}
} 

public void Save()
{
.
writer.SaveToDevice();
}
}


public
class
FloppyWriter : IDeviceWriter

{

public void SaveToDevice()
{
.
// 实现储存至Floppy的程序代码
}
}


public
class
UsbDiskWriter : IDeviceWriter

{

public void SaveToDevice()
{
.
// 实现储存至UsbDisk的程序代码
}
}
如果今天BusinessObject想要与UseDiskWriter对象发生依赖关系,可以这么建立: businessObject.SetDeviceWriter(new UsbDiskWriter());
由于BusinessObject依赖于抽象接口,在需要建立依赖关系时,可以通过抽象接口注入依赖的实际对象。
依赖注入在Martin Fowler的文章中谈到了三种实现方式:Interface injection、Setter injection 与 Constructor injection。并分别称其为Type 1 IoC、Type 2 IoC 与 Type 3 IoC。
上面的BusinessObject所实现的是Type 2 IoC,通过属性注入依赖关系,而Type 3 IoC,则在是构造函数上注入依赖关系,例如:


public
class
BusinessObject

{
private IDeviceWriter writer; 

public BusinessObject(IDeviceWriter writer)
{
this.writer = writer;
} 

public void Save()
{
.
writer.SaveToDevice();
}
}
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Jebel/archive/2008/06/13/1219257.html
发布者:全栈程序员-站长,转载请注明出处:https://javaforall.net/111013.html原文链接:https://javaforall.net
