1、自定义指令钩子函数
Vue.directive('my-directive', { bind: function () {
// 做绑定的准备工作 // 比如添加事件监听器,或是其他只需要执行一次的复杂操作 }, inserted: function (newValue, oldValue) {
// 被绑定元素插入父节点时调用 }, update: function (newValue, oldValue) {
// 根据获得的新值执行对应的更新 // 对于初始值也会被调用一次 }, unbind: function () {
// 做清理工作 // 比如移除在 bind() 中添加的事件监听器 } })
指令定义函数提供了几个钩子函数(可选):
- bind: 只调用一次,指令第一次绑定到元素时调用,用这个钩子函数可以定义一个在绑定时执行一次的初始化动作。
- inserted: 被绑定元素插入父节点时调用(父节点存在即可调用,不必存在于 document 中)。
- update: 所在组件的 VNode 更新时调用,但是可能发生在其孩子的 VNode 更新之前。指令的值可能发生了改变也可能没有。但是你可以通过比较更新前后的值来忽略不必要的模板更新 (详细的钩子函数参数见下)。
- componentUpdated: 所在组件的 VNode 及其孩子的 VNode 全部更新时调用。
- unbind: 只调用一次, 指令与元素解绑时调用。
接下来我们来看一下钩子函数的参数 (包括 el,binding,vnode,oldVnode) 。
2、钩子函数参数
钩子函数被赋予了以下参数:
- el: 指令所绑定的元素,可以用来直接操作 DOM 。
- binding: 一个对象,包含以下属性:
- name: 指令名,不包括 v- 前缀。
- value: 指令的绑定值, 例如: v-my-directive=”1 + 1”, value 的值是 2。
- oldValue: 指令绑定的前一个值,仅在 update 和 componentUpdated 钩子中可用。无论值是否改变都可用。
- expression: 绑定值的字符串形式。 例如 v-my-directive=”1 + 1” , expression 的值是 “1 + 1”。
- arg: 传给指令的参数。例如 v-my-directive:foo, arg 的值是 “foo”。
modifiers: 一个包含修饰符的对象。 例如: v-my-directive.foo.bar, 修饰符对象 modifiers 的值是 { foo: true, bar: true }。
- vnode: Vue 编译生成的虚拟节点
- oldVnode: 上一个虚拟节点,仅在 update 和 componentUpdated 钩子中可用。
3、VNode接口
export default class VNode { tag: string | void; data: VNodeData | void; children: ?Array
; text: string |
void; elm: Node |
void; ns: string |
void; context: Component |
void;
// rendered in this component's scope functionalContext: Component |
void;
// only for functional component root nodes key: string | number |
void; componentOptions: VNodeComponentOptions |
void; componentInstance: Component |
void;
// component instance parent: VNode |
void;
// component placeholder node raw: boolean;
// contains raw HTML? (server only) isStatic: boolean;
// hoisted static node isRootInsert: boolean;
// necessary for enter transition check isComment: boolean;
// empty comment placeholder? isCloned: boolean;
// is a cloned node? isOnce: boolean;
// is a v-once node? asyncFactory:
Function |
void;
// async component factory function asyncMeta:
Object |
void; isAsyncPlaceholder: boolean; ssrContext:
Object |
void; constructor ( tag?: string, data?: VNodeData, children?: ?
Array
, text?: string, elm?: Node, context?: Component, componentOptions?: VNodeComponentOptions, asyncFactory?:
Function ) {
this.tag = tag
this.data = data
this.children = children
this.text = text
this.elm = elm
this.ns =
undefined
this.context = context
this.functionalContext =
undefined
this.key = data && data.key
this.componentOptions = componentOptions
this.componentInstance =
undefined
this.parent =
undefined
this.raw =
false
this.isStatic =
false
this.isRootInsert =
true
this.isComment =
false
this.isCloned =
false
this.isOnce =
false
this.asyncFactory = asyncFactory
this.asyncMeta =
undefined
this.isAsyncPlaceholder =
false }
// DEPRECATED: alias for componentInstance for backwards compat.
/* istanbul ignore next */ get child (): Component |
void {
return
this.componentInstance } } export
const createEmptyVNode = (text: string =
'') => {
const node =
new VNode() node.text = text node.isComment =
true
return node } export
function createTextVNode (val: string | number) {
return
new VNode(
undefined,
undefined,
undefined,
String(val)) }
// optimized shallow clone
// used for static nodes and slot nodes because they may be reused across
// multiple renders, cloning them avoids errors when DOM manipulations rely
// on their elm reference. export
function cloneVNode (vnode: VNode, deep?: boolean): VNode {
const cloned =
new VNode( vnode.tag, vnode.data, vnode.children, vnode.text, vnode.elm, vnode.context, vnode.componentOptions, vnode.asyncFactory ) cloned.ns = vnode.ns cloned.isStatic = vnode.isStatic cloned.key = vnode.key cloned.isComment = vnode.isComment cloned.isCloned =
true
if (deep && vnode.children) { cloned.children = cloneVNodes(vnode.children) }
return cloned } export
function cloneVNodes (vnodes: Array
, deep?: boolean)
: Array<VNode> {
const len = vnodes.length
const res =
new
Array(len)
for (
let i =
0; i < len; i++) { res[i] = cloneVNode(vnodes[i], deep) }
return res }
4、VNode
不存在父节点:

存在父节点:

v-IME自定义指令示例:
import { log } from 'SUtil' const install = Vue => { let isBind = true let IMEService = '' let $this = new Vue({ data () { return { outEl: null, outVnode: null } }, watch: { outVnode (value, oldValue) { if (oldValue) { oldValue.componentInstance.isFocus = false } } } }) async function openIme (e, option) {
log.d('openIme', isBind, $this.$data.outVnode.componentInstance.percentValue) if ($this.$data.outEl && IMEService && isBind) { log.d('open') $this.$data.outEl.target.focus() let ret = await IMEService.open({ type: IMEService[option.type], track: Number.parseInt(option.track), w: Number.parseInt(option.w), h: Number.parseInt(option.h), x: Number.parseInt(option.x), y: Number.parseInt(option.y) }) if (ret.isSuccess) { console.log('输入法开启成功') } } } async function closeIme (e) {
log.d('closeIme', isBind, $this.$data.outVnode.componentInstance.percentValue) if ($this.$data.outEl && IMEService && isBind) { log.d('close') $this.$data.outVnode.componentInstance.isFocus = false let ret = await IMEService.close() if (ret.isSuccess) { console.log('输入法关闭成功') } } } Vue.directive('IME', { bind: function (el, binding, vnode) {
$this.$data.outVnode = vnode if (window.taf && window.taf.service.IMEService) { IMEService = window.taf.service.IMEService } else { log.e('IMEService 不存在') $this.$data.outVnode.componentInstance.$emit('error', '输入法故障') log.d('error', $this.$data.outVnode.componentInstance.percentValue) } }, inserted: function (el, binding, vnode) {
const inputDom = vnode.componentInstance.$el.querySelector('input') if (inputDom) { inputDom.addEventListener('focus', async focusEvent => { log.d('focus') $this.$data.outEl = focusEvent $this.$data.outVnode = vnode vnode.componentInstance.ctrlBlur = true openIme(focusEvent, binding.value) }) inputDom.addEventListener('click', async focusEvent => { log.d('click') $this.$data.outEl = focusEvent $this.$data.outVnode = vnode vnode.componentInstance.ctrlBlur = true openIme(focusEvent, binding.value) }) inputDom.addEventListener('blur', async focusEvent => { log.d('blur') $this.$data.outEl = focusEvent $this.$data.outVnode = vnode vnode.componentInstance.ctrlBlur = false closeIme(focusEvent) }) } isBind = true }, async unbind (el, binding, vnode) { log.d('unbind') if (window.taf && window.taf.service.IMEService) { IMEService = window.taf.service.IMEService } else { log.e('IMEService 不存在') $this.$data.outVnode.componentInstance.$emit('error', 'IMEService 不存在') log.d('error', $this.$data.outVnode.componentInstance.percentValue) } const inputDom = vnode.componentInstance.$el.querySelector('input') if (inputDom) { inputDom.removeEventListener('click', openIme) isBind = false await IMEService.close() } } }) } export default { install }
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