Unity 从UI中拖拽对象放置并拖动[通俗易懂]

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

需求：点击UI，在场景中生成3D对象，对象跟随鼠标移动，放置后可再次拖拽对象，改变其位置。做了一个小Demo,如下图所示：

实现大致思路：

射线碰撞检测
对象空间坐标变换（世界坐标->屏幕坐标、屏幕坐标->世界坐标）

首先为要生成3D对象的UI添加一个鼠标监听事件，脚本如下：

SelectImage.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
public class SelectImage : MonoBehaviour,IPointerDownHandler{
    //需要被实例化的预制
    public GameObject inistatePrefab;
    //实例化后的对象
    private GameObject inistateObj;

    // Use this for initialization
    void Start () {
        if (inistatePrefab==null)return;
        //实例化预制
        inistateObj=Instantiate(inistatePrefab) as GameObject;
        inistateObj.SetActive(false);
    }
    //实现鼠标按下的接口
    public void OnPointerDown(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        inistateObj.SetActive(true);

        //将当前需要被实例化的对象传递到管理器中
        SelectObjManager.Instance.AttachNewObject(inistateObj);
    }
}

将脚本挂载到UI对象上。

创建一个对象放置管理器，用于处理拖动的放置的逻辑：

SelectObjManager.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class SelectObjManager : MonoBehaviour {

    private static SelectObjManager _instance;
    public static SelectObjManager Instance {
        get { return _instance; }
    }
    //物体z轴距摄像机的长度
    public float _zDistance = 50f;
    //对象的缩放系数
    public float _scaleFactor=1.2f;
    //地面层级
    public LayerMask _groundLayerMask;
    int touchID;
    bool isDragging = false;
    bool isTouchInput = false;
    //是否是有效的放置（如果放置在地面上返回True,否则为False）
    bool isPlaceSuccess = false;
    //当前要被放置的对象
    public GameObject currentPlaceObj = null;
    //坐标在Y轴上的偏移量
    public float _YOffset=0.5F;

    void Awake () {
        _instance = this;
    }
    void Update () {
        if (currentPlaceObj == null) return;

        if (CheckUserInput()){
            MoveCurrentPlaceObj();
        }else if (isDragging){
            CheckIfPlaceSuccess();
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///检测用户当前输入
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    bool CheckUserInput () {
        #if !UNITY_EDITOR&&(UNITY_ANDROID||UNITY_IOS)
        if (Input.touches.Length > 0) {
            if (!isTouchInput) {
                isTouchInput = true;
                touchID = Input.touches[0].fingerId;
                return true;
            } else if (Input.GetTouch (touchID).phase == TouchPhase.Ended) {
                isTouchInput = false;
                return false;
            } else {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
        #else
        return Input.GetMouseButton (0);
        #endif
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///让当前对象跟随鼠标移动
    /// </summary>
    void MoveCurrentPlaceObj () {
        isDragging = true;
        Vector3 point;
        Vector3 screenPosition;
        #if !UNITY_EDITOR&&(UNITY_ANDROID||UNITY_IOS)
        Touch touch = Input.GetTouch (touchID);
        screenPosition = new Vector3 (touch.position.x, touch.position.y, 0);
        #else
        screenPosition = Input.mousePosition;
        #endif
        Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay (screenPosition);
        RaycastHit hitInfo;
        if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hitInfo, 1000, _groundLayerMask)) {
            point = hitInfo.point;
            isPlaceSuccess = true;
        } else {
            point = ray.GetPoint (_zDistance);
            isPlaceSuccess = false;
        }
        currentPlaceObj.transform.position = point+new Vector3(0,_YOffset,0);
        currentPlaceObj.transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3 (0, 60, 0);
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///在指定位置化一个对象
    /// </summary>
    void CreatePlaceObj(){
        GameObject obj=Instantiate(currentPlaceObj) as GameObject;

        obj.transform.position=currentPlaceObj.transform.position;
        obj.transform.localEulerAngles=currentPlaceObj.transform.localEulerAngles;
        obj.transform.localScale*=_scaleFactor;
        //改变这个对象的Layer为Drag，以便后续拖动检测
        obj.layer=LayerMask.NameToLayer("Drag");
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///检测是否放置成功
    /// </summary>
    void CheckIfPlaceSuccess(){
        if (isPlaceSuccess){
            CreatePlaceObj();
        }
        isDragging=false;
        currentPlaceObj.SetActive(false);
        currentPlaceObj=null;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 将要创建的对象传递给当前对象管理器
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="newObject"></param>
    public void AttachNewObject(GameObject newObject){
        if (currentPlaceObj){
            currentPlaceObj.SetActive(false);
        }
        currentPlaceObj=newObject;
    }
}

脚本中都有详细注释，我就不多解释了。

创建一个脚本，用于处理放置成功后，再次改变位置的逻辑：

DragObject.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class DragObject : MonoBehaviour {
    //只针对指定的层级进行拖动
    public LayerMask _dragLayerMask;
    //指定当前要拖动的对象
    public Transform currentTransform;
    //是否可以拖动当前对象
    public bool isDrag = false;
    //用于存储当前需要拖动的对象在屏幕空间中的坐标
    Vector3 screenPos = Vector3.zero;
    //当前需要拖动对象的坐标相对于鼠标在世界空间坐标中的偏移量
    Vector3 offset = Vector3.zero;
    void Update () {

        if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown (0)) {
            //将鼠标输入点转化为一条射线
            Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay (Input.mousePosition);
            RaycastHit hitinfo;
            //如果当前对象与指定的层级发生碰撞，表示当前对象可以被拖动
            if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hitinfo, 1000f, _dragLayerMask)) {
                isDrag = true;
                //将当前需要拖动的对象赋值为射线碰撞到的对象
                currentTransform = hitinfo.transform;
                //将当前对象的世界坐标转化为屏幕坐标
                screenPos = Camera.main.WorldToScreenPoint (currentTransform.position);
                //将鼠标的屏幕坐标转换为世界空间坐标，再与当前要拖动的对象计算两者的偏移量
                offset = currentTransform.position - Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint (new Vector3 (Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, screenPos.z));
            } else {
                isDrag = false;
            }
        }
        if (Input.GetMouseButton (0)) {
            if (isDrag == true) {

                var currentScreenPos = new Vector3 (Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, screenPos.z);
                //鼠标的屏幕空间坐标转化为世界坐标，并加上偏移量
                var currentPos = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint (currentScreenPos) + offset;
                currentTransform.position = currentPos;
            }
        }
        if (Input.GetMouseButtonUp (0)) {
            isDrag = false;
            currentTransform = null;
        }
    }
}