HttpClient4.x 使用cookie保持会话

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。HttpClient4.x可以自带维持会话功能，只要使用同一个HttpClient且未关闭连接，则可以使用相同会话来访问其他要求登录验证的服务（见TestLogin()方法中的“执行get请求”部分）。

如果需要使用HttpClient池，并且想要做到一次登录的会话供多个HttpClient连接使用，就需要自己保存会话信息。因为客户端的会话信息是保存在cookie中的（JSESSIONID），所以只需要将登录成功返回的cookie复制到各个HttpClient使用即可。

使用Cookie的方法有两种，可以自己使用CookieStore来保存（见TestCookieStore()方法），也可以通过HttpClientContext上下文来维持（见TestContext()方法）。

附带HttpClient4.3示例代码 http://www.myexception.cn/program/1459749.html 。

package com.sunbin.httpSession;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.Map.Entry;

import org.apache.http.HeaderIterator;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.ParseException;

import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;

import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;

import org.apache.http.config.Registry;

import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;

import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieSpecProvider;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BasicClientCookie;

import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BestMatchSpecFactory;

import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BrowserCompatSpecFactory;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import org.junit.Test;

public class TestHttpClient {

// 创建CookieStore实例

static CookieStore cookieStore = null;

static HttpClientContext context = null;

String loginUrl = “http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/j_spring_security_check”;

String testUrl = “http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/account/querySubAccount.action”;

String loginErrorUrl = “http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/login/login.jsp”;

@Test

public void testLogin() throws Exception {

System.out.println(“—-testLogin”);

// // 创建HttpClientBuilder

// HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();

// // HttpClient

// CloseableHttpClient client = httpClientBuilder.build();

// 直接创建client

CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(loginUrl);

Map parameterMap = new HashMap();

parameterMap.put(“j_username”, “sunb012”);

parameterMap.put(“j_password”, “sunb012”);

UrlEncodedFormEntity postEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(

getParam(parameterMap), “UTF-8”);

httpPost.setEntity(postEntity);

System.out.println(“request line:” + httpPost.getRequestLine());

try {

// 执行post请求

HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);

String location = httpResponse.getFirstHeader(“Location”)

.getValue();

if (location != null && location.startsWith(loginErrorUrl)) {

System.out.println(“—-loginError”);

}

printResponse(httpResponse);

// 执行get请求

System.out.println(“—-the same client”);

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl);

System.out.println(“request line:” + httpGet.getRequestLine());

HttpResponse httpResponse1 = client.execute(httpGet);

printResponse(httpResponse1);

// cookie store

setCookieStore(httpResponse);

// context

setContext();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

try {

// 关闭流并释放资源

client.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

@Test

public void testContext() throws Exception {

System.out.println(“—-testContext”);

// 使用context方式

CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl);

System.out.println(“request line:” + httpGet.getRequestLine());

try {

// 执行get请求

HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet, context);

System.out.println(“context cookies:”

+ context.getCookieStore().getCookies());

printResponse(httpResponse);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

try {

// 关闭流并释放资源

client.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

@Test

public void testCookieStore() throws Exception {

System.out.println(“—-testCookieStore”);

// 使用cookieStore方式

CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom()

.setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl);

System.out.println(“request line:” + httpGet.getRequestLine());

try {

// 执行get请求

HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet);

System.out.println(“cookie store:” + cookieStore.getCookies());

printResponse(httpResponse);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

try {

// 关闭流并释放资源

client.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

public static void printResponse(HttpResponse httpResponse)

throws ParseException, IOException {

// 获取响应消息实体

HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();

// 响应状态

System.out.println(“status:” + httpResponse.getStatusLine());

System.out.println(“headers:”);

HeaderIterator iterator = httpResponse.headerIterator();

while (iterator.hasNext()) {

System.out.println(“\t” + iterator.next());

}

// 判断响应实体是否为空

if (entity != null) {

String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(entity);

System.out.println(“response length:” + responseString.length());

System.out.println(“response content:”

+ responseString.replace(“\r\n”, “”));

}

}

public static void setContext() {

System.out.println(“—-setContext”);

context = HttpClientContext.create();

Registry<CookieSpecProvider> registry = RegistryBuilder

.<CookieSpecProvider> create()

.register(CookieSpecs.BEST_MATCH, new BestMatchSpecFactory())

.register(CookieSpecs.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY,

new BrowserCompatSpecFactory()).build();

context.setCookieSpecRegistry(registry);

context.setCookieStore(cookieStore);

}

public static void setCookieStore(HttpResponse httpResponse) {

System.out.println(“—-setCookieStore”);

cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();

// JSESSIONID

String setCookie = httpResponse.getFirstHeader(“Set-Cookie”)

.getValue();

String JSESSIONID = setCookie.substring(“JSESSIONID=”.length(),

setCookie.indexOf(“;”));

System.out.println(“JSESSIONID:” + JSESSIONID);

// 新建一个Cookie

BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie(“JSESSIONID”,

JSESSIONID);

cookie.setVersion(0);

cookie.setDomain(“127.0.0.1”);

cookie.setPath(“/CwlProClient”);

// cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.VERSION_ATTR, “0”);

// cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.DOMAIN_ATTR, “127.0.0.1”);

// cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.PORT_ATTR, “8080”);

// cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.PATH_ATTR, “/CwlProWeb”);

cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);

}

public static List<NameValuePair> getParam(Map parameterMap) {

List<NameValuePair> param = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

Iterator it = parameterMap.entrySet().iterator();

while (it.hasNext()) {

Entry parmEntry = (Entry) it.next();

param.add(new BasicNameValuePair((String) parmEntry.getKey(),

(String) parmEntry.getValue()));

}

return param;

}

}