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cobbler配置
1.配置163网络yum源,安装cobbler相关软件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-* /tmp/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler xinetd cobbler-web pykickstart
2.启动服务并设置开机自启
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl start cobblerd.service
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable cobblerd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
3.修改server和tftp的ip为本机ip,并开启tftp
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.89.130/' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.89.130/' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/disable/s/yes/no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
4.下载缺失文件
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2018-10-26_154501_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Fri Oct 26 15:45:01 2018)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
5.启动rsync并设置开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
6.生成加密密码并加入配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" 'wscl1996.'
$1$29001$ie/aAv/eefNRoBRMiPM8M/
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted: "$1$29001$ie/aAv/eefNRoBRMiPM8M/"
7.重启cobbler
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
8.核对设置问题
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
9.修改cobbler配置文件，让cobbler控制dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/^manage_dhcp/s/0/1/g' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@localhost ~]# sed -n '/^manage_dhcp/p' /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1
10.配置dhcp
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.89.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.89.130;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.89.130;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.89.100 192.168.89.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
11.重启服务并同步配置
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2018-10-26_155933_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Oct 26 15:59:33 2018)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout:
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
12.导入镜像（我的是centos7）
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos-7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2018-10-26_160116_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Fri Oct 26 16:01:16 2018)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=·rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos7-x86_64
creating new profile: centos7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64 for centos7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
--path 镜像路径
--name 问安装源定义名称
--arch 指定安装源平台
13.查看cobbler镜像列表
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler list
distros:
centos7-x86_64
profiles:
centos7-x86_64
systems:
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
14.创建kickstarts自动安装脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks <<'EOF'
> auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
> bootloader --location=mbr
> clearpart --all --initlabel
> part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
> part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
> part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
> text
> firewall --disabled
> firstboot --disable
> keyboard us
> lang en_US
> url --url=http://192.168.89.130/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64
> $yum_repo_stanza
> $SNIPPET('network_config')
> reboot
> rootpw --iscrypted $1$29001$ie/aAv/eefNRoBRMiPM8M/
> selinux --disabled
> skipx
> timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
> install
> zerombr
> %packages
> @^minimal
> @core
> kexec-tools
> %end
> %addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
> %end
> %anaconda
> pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
> pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
> pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
> %end
> EOF
[root@localhost kickstarts]# cat centos-7-x86_64.ks
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
bootloader --location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
text
firewall --disabled
firstboot --disable
keyboard us
lang en_US
url --url=http://192.168.89.130/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64
$yum_repo_stanza
$SNIPPET('network_config')
reboot
rootpw --iscrypted $1$29001$ie/aAv/eefNRoBRMiPM8M/ 这里用上面生成的随机密码
selinux --disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
install
zerombr
%packages
@^minimal
@core
kexec-tools
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end
15.检查ks文件语法，并查看cobbler有哪些配置文件
[root@localhost kickstarts]# cobbler validateks
task started: 2018-10-26_161559_validateks
task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Fri Oct 26 16:15:59 2018)
----------------------------
osversion: rhel7
checking url: http://192.168.89.130/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/centos7-x86_64
running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "centos7" "http://192.168.89.130/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/centos7-x86_64"
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
*** all kickstarts seem to be ok ***
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@localhost kickstarts]# cobbler profile list
centos7-x86_64
16.修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设置为默认的kickstarts
[root@localhost kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name centos-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks
17.配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
[root@localhost kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name centos-7-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'
18.检查当前系统cobbler配置文件信息
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile report
Name : centos7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : centos7-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm
19.同步cobbler
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2018-10-26_162509_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Oct 26 16:25:09 2018)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: centos7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: centos7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for centos7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: centos7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout:
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
20.重启所有服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:25151 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 *:873 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 :::873 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::443 :::*
21.cobbler的web段
cobbler的网址为https://IP/cobbler_web
账户名和密码都为默认的cobbler
22.查看效果
配置一台虚拟机，不需要配置光盘，直接开机，显示最后一张图片界面即为配置成功
这里就完成了配置，剩下直接选我们的镜像直接安装即可
23.定制安装
[root@linux-node2 ~]# cobbler system add --name=linux --mac=00:0C:29:FE:63:4F \
> --profile=centos-7-x86_64 \
> --ip-address=192.168.100.5 --subnet=255.255.255.0 \
> --gateway=192.168.100.254 --interface=eth0 \
> --static=1 --hostname=linux \
> --name-servers="192.168.100.254" \
> --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks
[root@linux-node2 ~]# cobbler system list
linux
参数解释：
system add 添加一个系统定制
name 定义这个新添加的系统定制的名字
mac 指定MAC
profile 指定profile，通过cobbler profile list查看
ip-address 指定静态IP
subnet 指定子网掩码
gateway 指定网关
interface 指定网卡
static=1 设置为静态IP
hostname 这是主机名
name-servers 设置dns服务器
kickstart 设置kickstart，通过cobbler profile report来查看。
报错
Truncated backtrace:parser.py:715:readKickstart:KickstartError: The following problem occurred on line 0 of the kickstart file:
Unable to open input kickstart file: curl#37 - "Couldn't open file /root/anaconda-ks.cfg"
[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks 删除$SNIPPET('network_config')这一行即可
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