opkg[通俗易懂]

opkg是个安装器，小巧，功能全。

root@hbg:/# opkg files opkg
Package opkg (9c97d5ecd795709c8584e972bfdf3aee3a5b846d-7) is installed on root and has the following files:
/bin/opkg             –命令存放地
/etc/opkg.conf      –配置文件

查看已经安装的包信息：

cat /usr/lib/opkg/status

root@hbg:# cat /usr/lib/opkg/status
Package: snmp-utils        　　–包名称
Version: 5.4.4-1             　　–版本信息
Depends: libc, libnetsnmp      –依赖库
Status: install user installed   –状态信息，用户后来安装，还是包安装时已经内置的
Architecture: ar71xx             –架构信息
Installed-Time: 1450492264  –安装时间

Package: kmod-usb-storage
Version: 3.10.49-1
Depends: kernel (= 3.10.49-1-df26e12aa07bfcf42c989a3a108d9f47), kmod-scsi-core, kmod-usb-core
Status: install hold installed
Architecture: ar71xx
Installed-Time: 1450492264

安装包的详细信息

 /usr/lib/opkg/info

列表信息：

/usr/lib/opkg/list

目前支持的操作:

root@hbg:/# opkg
opkg must have one sub-command argument
usage: opkg [options…] sub-command [arguments…]
where sub-command is one of:

Package Manipulation:
        update                  Update list of available packages                        –更新所有可以更新的包
        upgrade <pkgs>          Upgrade packages                                      –更新某个包
        install <pkgs>          Install package(s)                                           –安装某个包
        configure <pkgs>        Configure unpacked package(s) 
        remove <pkgs|regexp>    Remove package(s)                                 –移除某个包
        flag <flag> <pkgs>      Flag package(s)
         <flag>=hold|noprune|user|ok|installed|unpacked (one per invocation)

Informational Commands:
        list                    List available packages                                           –列出所有可以列出的包
        list-installed          List installed packages                                        –列出安装的包     （在本地设备中测试出跟list命令结果一样）
        list-upgradable         List installed and upgradable packages　　　　   –列出安装的可以更新的包
        list-changed-conffiles  List user modified configuration files                –列出用户更改过配置文件的包
        files <pkg>             List files belonging to <pkg>
        search <file|regexp>    List package providing <file>
        find <regexp>           List packages whose name or description matches <regexp>
        info [pkg|regexp]       Display all info for <pkg>                                –列出相关包的信息
        status [pkg|regexp]     Display all status for <pkg>                           –列出相关包的状态
        download <pkg>          Download <pkg> to current directory
        compare-versions <v1> <op> <v2>
                            compare versions using <= < > >= = << >>
        print-architecture      List installable package architectures
        depends [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatdepends [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatdependsrec [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatrecommends[-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatsuggests[-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatprovides [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatconflicts [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatreplaces [-A] [pkgname|pat]+

Options:
        -A                      Query all packages not just those installed
        -V[<level>]             Set verbosity level to <level>.
        –verbosity[=<level>]   Verbosity levels:
                                        0 errors only
                                        1 normal messages (default)
                                        2 informative messages
                                        3 debug
                                        4 debug level 2
        -f <conf_file>          Use <conf_file> as the opkg configuration file
        –conf <conf_file>
        –cache <directory>     Use a package cache
        -d <dest_name>          Use <dest_name> as the the root directory for
        –dest <dest_name>      package installation, removal, upgrading.
                                <dest_name> should be a defined dest name from
                                the configuration file, (but can also be a
                                directory name in a pinch).
        -o <dir>                Use <dir> as the root directory for
        –offline-root <dir>    offline installation of packages.
        –add-arch <arch>:<prio>        Register architecture with given priority
        –add-dest <name>:<path>        Register destination with given path

Force Options:
        –force-depends         Install/remove despite failed dependencies      –强制安装或卸载，不关心依赖关系
        –force-maintainer      Overwrite preexisting config files
        –force-reinstall       Reinstall package(s)
        –force-overwrite       Overwrite files from other package(s)
        –force-downgrade       Allow opkg to downgrade packages
        –force-space           Disable free space checks
        –force-postinstall     Run postinstall scripts even in offline mode
        –force-remove  Remove package even if prerm script fails
        –force-checksum        Don’t fail on checksum mismatches
        –noaction              No action — test only
        –download-only No action — download only
        –nodeps                Do not follow dependencies                               –不安装依赖包
        –nocase                Perform case insensitive pattern matching
        –force-removal-of-dependent-packages
                                Remove package and all dependencies
        –autoremove            Remove packages that were installed
                                automatically to satisfy dependencies
        -t                      Specify tmp-dir.
        –tmp-dir               Specify tmp-dir.

 regexp could be something like ‘pkgname*’ ‘*file*’ or similar
 e.g. opkg info ‘libstd*’ or opkg search ‘*libop*’ or opkg remove ‘libncur*’