从零开始学android<Notification通知.四十四.>

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

在android中有时会在主界面上收到某些应用的推送，有的可以包含图片，声音或者震动效果，当点击这些提示时，有时还可以进入到发送提示的的应用。

这些提示的推送就是通知，当然通知早根本上也是你一种服务。

首先想要使用通知就必须使用到Notification.Builder 和NotificationManager这两个类

使用Notification.Builder来取得Notification对象，使用NotificationManager来取得操作通知的对象

当然，我们也可以使用RemoteViews来获得自定义View来创建自定义的通知

接下来就让我们一起用例子来学习通知的使用吧

主界面xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
        android:text="原始通知" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_marginTop="53dp"
        android:text="自定通知" />

</RelativeLayout>

通知界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text=" 主界面哦"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />

</LinearLayout>

自定义通知界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:src="@drawable/b12" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/imageView1"
        android:text="大学橙色预警"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/imageView1"
        android:text="部分地区降雨达到500ml" />

</RelativeLayout>

主文件

package com.example.notification1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.RemoteViews;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private Button button1, button2;
	private Notification.Builder builder;
	private NotificationManager manager;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		button1 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
		button2 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
		builder = new Notification.Builder(this);// 创建一个通知设置
		manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

		button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
						MainActivity.this, 0, new Intent(MainActivity.this,
								Main.class), 0);// 获得pendingIntent意图
				builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
				builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.b12);
				builder.setTicker("您有新通知");
				builder.setContentTitle("降雨橙色预警");
				builder.setContentText("下午5时降雨将会达到500ml，请市民注意防范");
				builder.setContentInfo("暴雨，大风");
				builder.setSubText("本月底7次大雨");
				builder.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND);// 设置默认提示生啊
				long[] vibrate = { 100l, 1000l, 100l, 1000l, 10l, 1000l };// 设置震动的频率
				builder.setVibrate(vibrate);// 设置自定义震动
				Notification notification = builder.build();
				manager.notify(1000, notification);// 开启通知
			}
		});
//自定义通知
		button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				RemoteViews contentRemoteViews = new RemoteViews(
						getPackageName(), R.layout.custom);// 获取自定义的layout
				Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, Main.class);
				PendingIntent conPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
						MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
				builder.setContent(contentRemoteViews);
				builder.setContentIntent(conPendingIntent);
				Notification notification = builder.build();
				manager.notify(1001, notification);
			}
		});
	}

}

通知界面JAVA文件

package com.example.notification1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class Main extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
	// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
	super.setContentView(R.layout.main);
}
}

点击通知

点击自定义通知

通过本节的学习，希望读者能够掌握原始通知的使用和自定义通知的配置和使用。

下节预报：BroadCast广播