实现顺序栈和链栈的、栈的初始化、入栈、出栈、获取栈顶元素功等功能。

顺序栈

代码如下：

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVER -2
#define MAXSIZE 100

typedef int Status;		//返回状态

//顺序表结构体
struct SqStack
{ 
   
	char *base;
	char *top;
	int StackSize;
};

//初始化顺序栈
Status InitStack(SqStack &S)
{ 
   
	S.base = new char[MAXSIZE];
	if (!S.base)
	{ 
   
		Sleep(3000);
		exit(OVER);
	}
	S.top = S.base;
	S.StackSize = MAXSIZE;
	return OK;
}

//入栈
Status Push(SqStack &s, char &e)
{ 
   
	if (s.top - s.base == s.StackSize)
	{ 
   
		return ERROR;
	}

	*(s.top) = e;			//元素入栈，栈顶指针+1
	s.top++;
	return OK;
}

//出栈
Status Pop(SqStack &s, char &e)
{ 
   
	if (s.base == s.top)
	{ 
   
		return ERROR;
	}
	e = *(s.top - 1);		//这是出栈元素
	s.top--;
	return OK;
}
//得到栈顶元素
char GetTop(SqStack &s)
{ 
   
	if (s.top != s.base)
	{ 
   
		return *(s.top - 1);
	}
}
//打印栈元素
void PrintStack(SqStack &s)
{ 
   
	if (s.top != s.base)
	{ 
   
		cout << "栈的元素为：";
		int k = 0;
		for (int i = (s.top - s.base); i > 0; i--)
		{ 
   

			cout << *(s.top - 1) << " ";
			--s.top;
			k++;
		}
		for (int j = 0; j <k; j++)
		{ 
   
			++s.top;
		}
	}
}

int main()
{ 
   
	SqStack s;

	InitStack(s);
	int n;
	cout << "请输入初始个数：";
	cin >> n;
	cout << "请输入元素：" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{ 
   
		char p;
		cin >> p;
		Push(s, p);
	}
	PrintStack(s);
	cout << "栈顶为：" << GetTop(s) << endl;
	char p1;
	Pop(s, p1);
	cout << "出栈后";
	PrintStack(s);
	return 0;
}

结果如下：
在这里插入图片描述

链栈

代码如下：

#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include<string>
#include<Windows.h>
using namespace std;

#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define OVER -2
#define MAXSIZE 100

typedef int Status;		//返回状态


typedef struct StackNode
{ 
   
	char date;
	StackNode *next;
}*LinkStack;

//初始化链栈
Status InitStack(LinkStack s)
{ 
   
	s = NULL;
	return OK;
}

//入栈
Status Push(LinkStack s, char e)
{ 
   
	LinkStack p;
	p = new StackNode;
	p->date = e;
	p->next = s;
	s = p;
	return OK;
}

//出栈
Status Pop(LinkStack s, char &e)
{ 
   
	LinkStack p;
	if (s == NULL)
	{ 
   
		return ERROR;
	}
	e = s->date;
	p = s;				//用p临时保存栈顶元素的值
	s = s->next;		//修改栈顶指针
	delete p;
	return OK;
}

//取栈顶元素的值
char Getchar(LinkStack s)
{ 
   
	if (s!=NULL)
	{ 
   
		return s->date;
	}
	cout << "栈为空，无法取栈顶元素！" << endl;
	return ERROR;
}

int main()
{ 
   
	StackNode s;
	InitStack(&s);
	char a, b, c;
	a = 'c', b = 'b', c = 'a';
	Push(&s, a);
	Push(&s, b);
	Push(&s, c);
	cout << "出栈前栈顶为：";
	Getchar(&s);
	char e;
	Pop(&s,e);
	cout << "出栈后栈顶为：";

	return 0;
}