前文tkinter-pack布局详解介绍了pack布局，相信对tkinter的布局套路有了一定的了解。本文将介绍另一种布局类grid。
grid
grid从字面意思上可以推断，这种布局方式就像网格一样来分布控件。那么具体会呈现什么样的效果，要怎么编码控制呢。同样的套路，通过实例来进行直观的讲解。
widget.grid(cnf={}, kw)
默认分布
from tkinter import (Tk, Button) from tkinter.constants import RIGHT, LEFT, X, Y, BOTH main_win = Tk() main_win.title('渔道的pack布局') width = 300 height = 300 main_win.geometry(f'{width}x{height}') # print(main_win.keys()) apple_color = 'Crimson' banana_color = 'Yellow' orange_color = 'Orange' grape_color = 'Purple' fruit = {
'apple':'Crimson', 'banana':'Yellow', 'orange':'Orange', 'grape':'Purple'} # 默认显示效果 for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid() print(bt.grid_info()) main_win.mainloop() print函数的打印信息如下：
从上面的例子可以看出，使用grid布局时，可以想象，在主窗口上 隐式的布满网格(cell)，子控件(如，按钮)就会被放在这些网格中。
column
指定控件所在的列
i = 0 for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid(column=i) i += 1 print(bt.grid_info()) row
指定控件所在的行
i = 0 for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid(row=0, column=i) i += 1 print(bt.grid_info()) columnspan
指定每个控件横跨的列数
i = 0 for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid(column=i, columnspan=3) i += 1 print(bt.grid_info()) rowspan
指定每个控件横跨的行数
i = 0 for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid(column=i, rowspan=3) i += 1 print(bt.grid_info()) ipadx
水平方向内边距
for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid() print(bt.grid_info()) for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid(ipadx=20) print(bt.grid_info()) 
ipady
垂直方向内边距
for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid() print(bt.grid_info()) for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid(ipady=20) print(bt.grid_info()) 
padx
水平方向外边距
i = 1 for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) if i%2 == 0: bt.grid(padx=20, column=1) else: bt.grid(padx=20) i += 1 print(bt.grid_info()) 
pady
垂直方向外边距
i = 1 for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) if i%2 == 0: bt.grid(pady=20, column=1) else: bt.grid(pady=20) i += 1 print(bt.grid_info()) 
sticky
sticky类似于pack的anchor，决定控件在cell中锚点，也就是控件在cell中的起始位置，可设置的值为’n’, ‘ne’, ‘e’, ‘se’, ‘s’, ‘sw’, ‘w’, ‘nw’; ‘e’、‘w’、‘s’、’n’分别表示东西南北。
for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid() print(bt.grid_info()) for k,v in fruit.items(): bt = Button(main_win, text=k, fg='black', bg=v) bt.grid(sticky='nw') print(bt.grid_info()) 好了，grid的属性就介绍到这里。是不是非常简单呢！
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