SpringCloud(六)—OpenFeign的执行流程以及配置时需要注意的点

一.使用OpenFeign时程序执行流程

OpenFeign代替之前的RestTemplate代码。也是写在Application Client中。把OpenFeign接口单独放在feign包中，表示服务调用层。当需要调用其他服务时，直接注入OpenFeign接口对象就可以像调用本地方法一样调用远程服务。

1.整体流程说明:

1).ApplicationService 向Eureka Server 注册服务。
2).Application Client从Eureka Server中发现服务信息。
3).在Application Client中调用OpenFeign接口中方法
4).Application Client中OpenFeign通过应用程序名调用Application Service

2.OpenFeign接口中的方法要求

OpenFeign接口命名：
调用应用程序+Feign

注意：
@FeignClient 参数要写调用的Application Service的应用程序名
@RequestMapping中值要和需要调用的控制器方法URL相同
方法返回值要和调用控制器方法返回值相同。
方法名称随意，没有要求。

@FeignClient("APPLICATIONSERVICE")
public interface ApplicationServiceFeign {
   
    @RequestMapping("/service1")
    String suiyi();
}

3.启动类的要求

添加@EnableFeignClients注解

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class ClientApplication {
   
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        SpringApplication.run(ClientApplication.class,args);
    }
}

4.pom.xml需要引入的依赖

在service中,需要添加了Spring Boot和Spring Cloud版本声明以及web环境和eureka client依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.jutixueyuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>application-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>application-server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${
   spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

在client中,需要多添加一个openfeign的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.jutixueyuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>application-client</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>application-client</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--openfeign http协议声明式服务调用工具依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${
   spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

5.application.yml需要的配置

端口配置+注册到注册中心的名称

spring:
  application:
    name: application-client
server:
  port: 8082