python 导入数据错误：UnicodeDecodeError: ‘utf-8’ codec can’t decode byte 0xb5 in position 0: invalid start

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

正想导入数据到python作分析

找到这个教程

https://www.cnblogs.com/OliverQin/p/8966321.html

我要导入CSV文件，已经放在相同目录之下。

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv("电信客户流失.csv",encoding="utf8")

报错如下

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
UnicodeDecodeError                        Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-5-6f8087e333bd> in <module>()
      1 import pandas as pd
----> 2 data = pd.read_csv("电信客户流失.csv",encoding="utf-8")

/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py in parser_f(filepath_or_buffer, sep, delimiter, header, names, index_col, usecols, squeeze, prefix, mangle_dupe_cols, dtype, engine, converters, true_values, false_values, skipinitialspace, skiprows, nrows, na_values, keep_default_na, na_filter, verbose, skip_blank_lines, parse_dates, infer_datetime_format, keep_date_col, date_parser, dayfirst, iterator, chunksize, compression, thousands, decimal, lineterminator, quotechar, quoting, escapechar, comment, encoding, dialect, tupleize_cols, error_bad_lines, warn_bad_lines, skipfooter, doublequote, delim_whitespace, low_memory, memory_map, float_precision)
    676                     skip_blank_lines=skip_blank_lines)
    677 
--> 678         return _read(filepath_or_buffer, kwds)
    679 
    680     parser_f.__name__ = name

/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py in _read(filepath_or_buffer, kwds)
    438 
    439     # Create the parser.
--> 440     parser = TextFileReader(filepath_or_buffer, **kwds)
    441 
    442     if chunksize or iterator:

/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py in __init__(self, f, engine, **kwds)
    785             self.options['has_index_names'] = kwds['has_index_names']
    786 
--> 787         self._make_engine(self.engine)
    788 
    789     def close(self):

/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py in _make_engine(self, engine)
   1012     def _make_engine(self, engine='c'):
   1013         if engine == 'c':
-> 1014             self._engine = CParserWrapper(self.f, **self.options)
   1015         else:
   1016             if engine == 'python':

/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py in __init__(self, src, **kwds)
   1706         kwds['usecols'] = self.usecols
   1707 
-> 1708         self._reader = parsers.TextReader(src, **kwds)
   1709 
   1710         passed_names = self.names is None

pandas/_libs/parsers.pyx in pandas._libs.parsers.TextReader.__cinit__()

pandas/_libs/parsers.pyx in pandas._libs.parsers.TextReader._get_header()

UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xb5 in position 0: invalid start byte

错误类型

UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xb5 in position 0: invalid start byte

过了一会儿突然可以了，真实奇怪

这时我在看这篇博客，

https://blog.csdn.net/xxceciline/article/details/80405129

然后我再次运行，又出现错误

使用这个链接的方法

https://www.cnblogs.com/pengei/p/6407077.html

==========解决方案============

第一种：

　　第一行加:# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

第二种：

　　引用处设置默认编码格式

　　# coding: utf-8

第三种：

　　使用中文处将中文unicode编码

python3以后第二种方式。

还是一样的报错

#-*- coding : utf-8 -*-
# coding: utf-8
import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv("电信客户流失.csv",encoding="utf-8")

我尝试这个方法行不通

在百度上的方法都解决不了，我用谷歌搜索解决方案

我的最终解决方案，来自这里

#-*- coding : utf-8 -*-
# coding: utf-8
import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv("电信客户流失.csv",encoding="unicode_escape")

说明刚才的错误没有了

用read_csv之后，里面加上encoding=’gbk’就可以了。

 现在是什么问题都没有了